Study of Phenotypes Variability of Pollen Grains Malus domestica Borkh. by Scanning Electron Microscopy

The studying of Malus domestica Borkh. pollen allows us to determine the details morphological characteristics and describe most important parameters sculpture that can be used identify representatives species. We analysed morphology seven genotypes from old local varieties territory Slovakia via a scanning electron microscope. principal components analysis explore variability in grain size (polar equatorial diameter), shape, aperture type, exine ornamentation. complexity these ultrastructure determining differences or similarities between same various species genotypes, which may useful tool for systematics with significant diagnostic value. Findings confirmed small among measured traits polar diameters range 31.85 42.85 μm 21.23 23.93 μm, respectively. Shape index (P/E ratio) depending on elongation roundness grains varied 1.44 1.87. Hierarchical cluster component data helped compare evaluated morphometric identified five closely related groups. It was noted diversity surface sculpturing combination shape enables use complex thin morphologic signs M. identifications. Pollen combined other evidence (e.g., floral characters) have more recently become an indicator best